Our maps reveal clear patterns: the U.S. leads in imports, while Germany and Switzerland dominate exports.

Some countries, like Belgium and Ireland, show balance; others, like China and the UK, lean toward consumption.

But trade flows alone don't explain control. What follows digs deeper into ownership, organization, and urban function.

Over the previous sections we've mapped global pharmaceutical trade flows and functional clusters. Now we shift focus to the ownership control network — the equity links between headquarters and subsidiaries that govern city hierarchies and spatial power.

Click the “Explore” button below to dive into the interactive Control Network map and uncover control radii, power‑hub cities, and cross‑border paths for the Top‑20 pharma companies.

Why have some cities managed to occupy the core of the network for so long?

Which cities are likely to rise as new hubs?

Perhaps the Urban Resilience Index can answer your questions.